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LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP OF ADULT MEN BORN WITH HYPOSPADIAS:
PSYCHOSOCIAL RESULTS
Lisa ÖRTQVIST
1
, Marie ANDERSSON
2
, Anna STRANDQVIST
3
, Gundela HOLMDAHL
2
and Agneta NORDENSKJÖLD
3
1) Karolinska Institutet, Department of Women's and Children's Health and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm,
SWEDEN - 2) Sahlgrenska Academy, Women's and Children's Health, Gothenburg, SWEDEN - 3) Karolinska Institutet,
Women's and Children's Health, Stockholm, SWEDEN
INTRODUCTION
Smaller studies have shown later sexual debut and fewer children in males with hypospadias. We have earlier shown
that patients were less satisfied with the cosmetic result and had more urological problems. The psychosocial outcome is
now presented.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Around 1100 men above 18 years of age operated for hypospadias since 1950 were asked to participate. A
questionnaire concerning the psychosocial situation, influence on the up-bringing and validated questionnaires on well-
being and relationships (PGWB and Relationship Questionnaire, RQ) were used. Age-matched controls from the Swedish
population registry and students answered a corresponding questionnaire.
RESULTS
Altogether 167 patients (mean age 34 years, 63% distal, 24% mid and 13% proximal hypospadias) and 169 controls
(mean age 34 years of age) answered the questionnaire.
Patients lived to a higher extend with their parents and fewer had a degree from the university(<0.001). The influence
on up-bringing was not related to degree of severity or number of surgical procedures. Patients were more interested in
motorsport and less in cultural activities during their spare time than controls.
Patients with proximal hypospadias had lower scores for general well-being, while those with mid hypospadias were
more depressed and had lower well-being.
More patients with proximal hypospadias wished to relate to other people, but were afraid to do so of fear of being hurt.
CONCLUSIONS
We found that having hypospadias generally affect life as an adult with lower education level, a lower general well-being
and a risk for difficulties in relating to other people.